![]() There does not have to be consensus minority reports are permissible. It produces advisory reports that advise on policy directions and approaches. It advises both in response to tasks (from the Government, sector organisations etc.) and on topics that it has identified. Expertise from outside can also be co-opted. It has 35 members with a range of viewpoints and expertise who are independent, not representatives – appointed by the Ministry of Agriculture. Penny Hawkins – The Netherlands Council on Animal Affairs (RDA) an independent, expert body that advises the Minister for Agriculture on multidisciplinary issues relating to animal welfare. Is there an existing model out there which could be replicated/form the basis of the way sentience is implemented throughout decision making?.Mike Radford – The EU uses sentiency as the provision on which to base their subsequent legislation and it is especially important in countries without local constitutions that protect animals as sentient. Penny Hawkins – I feel that in order for the principle to be meaningful the definition of sentience must be made clear and must include cephalopods and crustaceansĪdditional Question: What difference did Article 13 actually make? No examples of where it has actually been used. I would suggest a mandatory Animal Welfare Impact Assessment. This would need an arms-length body to regulate so an independent expert council. Steve McCulloch – Something is needed to assess the empirical factors and empirical measurements of impact are needed. animal interests include clean environment, hence we do not need a definition of sentience but we do need to think about defining animal interests. agriculture? How do we implement the needs of animals rather than animal interests? Interests are not always dependent on sentience e.g. Paula Sparks – If there is a duty of care, then how will this duty be undertaken? Are there proper mechanisms for auditing animal sentience? How do they fit into the other Bills e.g. By definition the animals to which this regulation applies are assumed to be sentient and by now trying to define sentience it becomes controversial and opens a can of worms. Mike Radford – Article 13 sentience didn’t have to be defined as the notion of sentience is not an active element of the article, it was the justification to provide the basis for the requirement to have full regard for animal welfare. How do we make the proposal to consider animal sentience in policy decisions meaningful and work in practice?.Some species also show signs of distinct social cultures orcas, for example, live in groups with their own lifestyle, social structure and hunting techniques.Panel Discussion: Implementing Sentience Policy ![]() Communication might indicate an animal’s preference – like when an orangutan was observed pantomiming for help with a coconut. The ability to make decisions for oneself. Apes have some ability to look forward and backward: by remembering major events from previously watched movies, or taking a tool with them to solve a human-posed puzzle. Dolphins can remember tricks they did in the past. The sense of having an autobiographically connected past and future. ![]() Imitation, too, could be a sign of the ability to form relationships – newborn chimps can imitate facial expressions, for example. ![]() Monkeys and elephants grieve the loss of fellow creatures. Pilot whales stay close to one another as they dive, and use frequent bodily contact, behaviour that looks like it is giving social comfort. The capacity to form bonds with other creatures, and to care for others and be cared for. As for chimps, their personalities can be assigned to sit on a six-point scale. Members of some spider species can vary in how docile or aggressive they are. Individual squid can be shy or bold sharks may be more social or solitary and some great tits act cautiously while others are the reverse. Many animals have also mastered tools: chimpanzees use leaves as toilet paper, for example, and crows make their own hooked tools to forage.Ī distinctive, individual character. Some animals can handle tougher problems: in one study, orangutans worked out the principles of water displacement to get a peanut. Elephants, monkeys, birds and even fish have shown some understanding of basic maths. The ability to think and reason logically. One researcher has reported a baboon urinating on a rival as a form of revenge. Chimps and bonobos throw tantrums when they don’t get their way. Showing emotion, perspective and a point of view. Kristin Andrews at York University in Toronto, Canada, suggests searching for the six attributes listed here. Philosophers disagree on exactly what it would take for an animal to qualify as a person. Ritkin's essay is her inclusion of a checklist for personhood.
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